Hard cash, cold logic: Linux

A corollary benefit is that the government no longer needs to procure additional hardware required to run upgraded versions of most proprietary software. Umashankar estimates that just this saves the government between 45 and 50 percent of a project's initial hardware costs, which makes it easier to buy more computers for schools.

In addition, Umashankar says Elcot got rid of about 100 anti-virus licenses that were rendered redundant, because as one official claims viruses have "became extinct."

Once Umashankar had broken the ice surrounding Linux, other open source applications were more welcome. Take for example how Elcot was recently asked to get software for a school for the visually challenged.

Their search for vendor came up with one company in Mumbai that offered them five user licenses for Rs 5 lakh. For an agency whose objective is to find the best price for public funds, it was a price Elcot found hard to swallow.

So Umashankar took the open source route. Their focused efforts led them to Orca, a free software running on Ubuntu Linux to assist the visually impaired. Elcot put together a massive three-day program to train visually-challenged teachers across the state on ORCA. They learnt how to handle a machine running on Ubuntu. Now Umashankar plans to bring more teachers and schools under ORCA.

Where the 'Open and Free' Live

Today, Elcot's 30-seater software development center uses a strong OSS framework to develop its packages for government departments. "For the integrated development environment, the team uses Netbeans IDE, Postgresql for database, Jboss for deployment server, Jasper report for fixed width report development, Mantis for bug tracking and Subversion for version control," Umashankar says.

The development center runs a few major applications. The first is the family card administration system.

Every family in the state has to possess one of these cards to receive monthly rations.

"Earlier the system was put on a critical client-server run on Microsoft, but there was a whole lot of confusion," says Umashankar. "So we switched over from client-server architecture to an open source system." Branch offices of the Food and Civil Supplies Department capture family card data -- including scanned photos using HP's scanners which work on Kooka, a free software for scanning. These are then attached to a database using a Web-based application.

On the server side, Elcot switched the application and database from Windows to Linux. Under the old Windows-based client-server system, once contractors captured data they integrated it with the Linux server. After the migration, contractors and Elcot officials were given user IDs and passwords on the newly developed Web-based system powered by OSS. All 30 branch managers were given training on the new application software for one day. They, in turn, trained the data entry operators.